Turning Off the Heat: Impacts of Power Plant Decommissioning on Green Turtle Research in San Diego Bay

Green turtles (Chelonia mydas) are among the most high profile species in San Diego Bay, California, and understanding impacts of coastal development and industry is essential to the management and conservation of this local population. Here we describe power plant changing energy production and its impact on turtle habitat use and our ability to research and manage this population. For over 20 years, green sea turtles have been captured, assessed, and tagged near the South Bay Power Plant (SBPP) in the San Diego Bay; from 2002–2011, 104 turtles were captured on 212 occasions. As the 50-year-old SBPP generates less energy, effluent patterns change and water temperatures decrease, presumably to more natural conditions. There has been a concurrent decrease in turtle-capture success, perhaps due to lesser visitation to the effluent site where nets are tended. Seasonal catch-per-unit-effort declined from a high of 4.14 turtles per monitoring day, to a nine-year low of 1.33 during the 2010–2011 season. It is already apparent that management decisions related to energy policy are affecting the habitat and behavior of this stock of endangered turtles. Green turtles are expected to remain in the San Diego Bay after the SBPP becomes inoperative and continuing research will monitor future impacts and distribution shifts resulting from the expected changes in thermal pattern within south San Diego Bay. Research efforts to study this population (i.e., capture methods and locations) will require modification in response to these changes. Lessons learned here are applicable to the immediate coastal development of San Diego, as well as at similar interactions between marine turtles and industrial thermal effluent discharge throughout Southern California, the United States, and beyond.     

珠江黄埔大桥北汊桥钢主梁应力不均匀性研究

珠江黄埔大桥北汊桥主梁采用扁平钢箱梁,结合该工程,采用混合有限元方法计算钢箱梁的受力,得到钢主梁板件的应力,分析箱梁顶板和底板应力分布的不均匀性,揭示斜拉桥中扁平钢箱梁的应力分布特点。     

多孔混凝土基层缩缝处沥青面层应力分析

为了研究多孔混凝土基层沥青路面的结构设计方法,通过三维有限元数值分析方法,建立多孔混凝土基层缩缝处沥青路面的三维有限元模型,分析多孔混凝土基层缩缝处沥青面层的荷载应力、温度应力、荷载与温度耦合作用下的耦合应力。结果表明：基层缩缝处沥青面层底面荷载主应力多为压应力值,但其剪应力在接缝处出现峰值;在温度作用下,沥青面层应力峰值点的位置在基层缩缝中点处沥青面层的底面及表面;荷载和温度耦合作用下基层缩缝中点处沥青面层底面的第一主应力介于荷载应力和温度应力之间。     

基于NASTRAN的汽车转向节有限元分析

阐述了有限元方法在汽车应用的必要性。对某款车型前悬架在二三种工况下的受力情况进行了分析，并利用PATRAN和NASTRAN有限元分析软件对该车型的转向节进行了强度和变形的分析计算．找出了该结构设计的薄弱环节．为改进设计提供了依据。     

武汉天兴洲公铁两用长江大桥主塔墩混凝土冬季施工保温材料的应用

采取有效的温控措施,在保证塔柱混凝土质量的前提下加快施工进度,是斜拉桥主塔冬季施工的关键。以武汉天兴洲大桥主塔中塔柱施工为例,介绍主要的温控措施、冬季施工保温材料的应用效果及工期效应。     

基于脆性涂层法的沥青路面反射裂缝试验研究

采用脆性涂层法研究沥青路面的反射裂缝,并将试验结果与有限元计算结果进行了比较。结果表明,脆性涂层的裂纹围绕着碎石与沥青胶砂的界面发展,在该界面位置拉应力高度集中;路面基层的裂缝顶部附近发生应力集中,应力集中区的碎石与沥青胶砂界面是最容易萌发裂纹引发裂缝扩展破坏的部位;脆性涂层的裂纹分布总体是从车轮作用面向四周扩散,并围绕大粒径碎石扩展,弯拉型反射裂缝与剪切型反射裂缝涂层裂纹分布明显不同;大粒径的沥青混合料抗反射裂缝能力较强。     

梁拱组合体系关键部位应力分析

结合某拱梁组合体系桥的建设,采用有限元程序建立该桥关键部位结构分析空间有限元模型,模拟该部位在各种荷载工况下的受力情况,得出该部位的应力状态,揭示了常规分析中不能发现的一些问题。     

基于有限元的半刚性基层沥青路面裂缝断裂力学分析

路面裂缝尖端应力强度因子和J积分是判断裂缝开裂扩展的重要指标,应用商业通用有限元软件ABAQUS,建立了8节点等参单元的有限元模型,采用奇异单元及断裂力学理论,对江苏省典型的半刚性基层沥青路面结构裂缝问题进行了荷载和温度应力数值分析,结果能反映路面破坏的现象和规律,为分析沥青路面开裂提供依据。     

大跨径悬索桥桁架加劲梁节段的安装研究

大跨径悬索桥桁架加劲梁节段拼装连接是主梁安装的关键工序,固结时机选择不好,会在加劲梁节点处产生较大次应力,降低结构安全储备,甚至影响桥梁的使用寿命,以湖北沪蓉西四渡河大桥为背景,研究加劲梁在4种不同固结方案状态下的受力特征,得到了加劲梁截面应力及各相邻加劲梁截面之间开口距离的变化规律,提出了加劲梁施工过程中的临时连接及永久固结的最佳时机。     

沥青路面坑槽修补的开槽方式分析

采用弹性力学平面应力求解的方法,分析坑槽应力状态分布。通过对沥青路面维修中不同开槽形状应力集中系数的对比分析,得出坑槽修补较好的开槽形状,且还对斜开槽和垂直开槽进行了对比分析。